Monitoring the UK climate and forecasting its meteorological changes with analysis
UK Climate Forecasting and Analysis
Climate Forecast UK Weather Stormy Atlantic Ocean Climate & Air Quality Jet Stream Analysis and Reports
Vice-Admiral Robert Fitzroy was the founder of the UK Met Office which was formed in 1854. It is the UK’s National Weather Service operating from Exeter in Devon. Not all its staff of about 1700 work in Devon but are spread throughout the world in 60 locations. Since 2016 it is part of the Department for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy. In December 2018 Penelope Endersby took over as Chief Executive. The organisation is the world’s leader in providing accurate weather forecasting and research into climate change which it has been doing for more than 20 years. The men and women who work for the Met Office provide a vast array of services which benefit mankind.
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This website will examine the climate of the United Kingdom together with its weather conditions. Our climate is part of a global pattern of weather travelling to our shores across the North Atlantic with the aid of the high altitude jet streams of air. Most of the data will be supplied by the UK and the Icelandic Met Offices and by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Latest Climate News from Sky
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Grantham Institute on Climate Change and Environment
NOAA Assessing the global climate in January 2026
Copernicus Monthly Climate Bulletins
World Meteorological Organisation on Climate
Met Office Climate Newsletter
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration was formed on the 3 October 1970 to amalgamate the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey the Weather Survey and the U.S. Commission Fish and Fisheries.
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The Icelandic Met Office is a public institution under the auspices of the Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources historically based on the Icelandic Met Office and the Icelandic Hydrological Survey. They merged in 2009. The Icelandic Met Office has 135 full-time employees.
Climate Change
Includes both the global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been previous periods of climatic change since the mid-20th century the rate of human impact on Earth's climate system and its global scale have been unprecedented. The largest driver has been the emission of greenhouse gases of which more than 90% are carbon dioxide and methane. Fossil fuel burning for energy consumption is the main source of these emissions with additional contributions from agriculture deforestation and industrial processes. Temperature rise is accelerated or tempered by climate feedbacks such as loss of sunlight-reflecting snow and ice cover increased water vapour - a greenhouse gas itself - and changes to land and ocean carbon sinks. Because land surfaces heat faster than ocean surfaces deserts are expanding and heat-waves and wildfires are more common. Environmental effects include the extinction or relocation of many species as their ecosystems change most immediately in coral reefs mountains and the Arctic.
Climate in a narrow sense is usually defined as the "average weather" or more rigorously as the statistical description in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a period ranging from months to thousands or millions of years. The classical period is 30 years as defined by the World Meteorological Organisation. These quantities are most often surface variables such as temperature precipitation and wind.
Copernicus Climate Bulletin September 2025
September 2025 was the sixth month in the last 27 months for which the global-average surface air temperature was not more than 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
Copernicus Climate Bulletin February 2026
February 2026 was the fifth-warmest February globally, with an average surface air temperature of 13.26°C, 0.53°C above the 1991-2020 average for February, according to the ERA5 dataset. The warmest February on record was in 2024.
February 2026 was 1.49°C above the estimated 1850-1900 average used to define the pre-industrial level, according to the ERA5 dataset. The average temperature over European land for February 2026 was one of the three coldest in the past 14 years at -0.07°C, 0.10°C below the 1991-2020 average for February. There was a strong contrast in average temperature across Europe, with western, southern and southeast Europe experiencing above-average temperatures, while Fennoscandia, the Baltic States, and northwest Russia had cold conditions. Outside Europe, warmer-than-average temperatures were most pronounced across the United States, northeast Canada, the Middle East, central Asia, and east Antarctica. In contrast, cold conditions occurred across Alaska, northern Canada, Greenland, and northern Russia. Mixed conditions were experienced across Australia and Antarctica.
The global-average temperature for boreal winter (December 2025 to February 2026) was the fifth highest on record at 0.51°C above the 1991-2020 average. For Europe, the past winter was one of the two coldest winters in the last 13 years at 0.09°C above the 1991-2020 average. The average sea surface temperature (SST) for February 2026 over 60°S–60°N was 20.88°C, the joint second-highest value on record for the month (with February 2025), and 0.18°C below the January 2024 record.
he average temperature over Europe for the past 12 months (March 2025 to February 2026) was: 0.78°C higher than the 1991-2020 annual average 0.89°C cooler than the highest 12-month average on record for the continent (February 2024 to January 2025).
Copernicus Climate Bulletin October 2025
0.70°C warmer October 2025 ends a short period of five months that were below 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. October is thus the 27th month in the ERA5 data record over that levethan the 1991-2020 average for October, with an absolute surface air temperature of 15.14°C. The third-warmest October on record, 0.16°C cooler than the record October of 2023 and only 0.11°C cooler than October 2024. 1.55°C warmer than an estimate of the pre-industrial October average for 1850-1900.